Reactive nitrogen emissions from crop and livestock farming in India
نویسندگان
چکیده
Recent studies suggest that human activities have accelerated the production and emissions of reactive nitrogen on a global scale. Increased nitrogen emissions may lead to environmental impacts including photochemical air pollution, reduced visibility, changes in biodiversity, and stratospheric ozone depletion. Emissions from agricultural activities, both crop and animal, are known to contain reactive nitrogen compounds. Emissions of reactive nitrogen for India (for the base year 2003 as a case study) from animal and crop farming are analyzed. These emissions are compared and contrasted with global, US, and European reactive nitrogen emissions. Ammonia and nitrous oxide from animal farming in India were estimated at about 1392 Gg NH3-N and 136 Gg N2O-N from livestock; and 2221 Gg NH3-N and 126 Gg N2O-N from fertilizer application. The activity data for all livestock in all the districts were collected from the website of the Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries; and for fertilizers consumption, the activity data were collected from the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Govt. of India. Emission factor suitable for region specifi c for all sources were utilized. Overall, the Indo-Gangetic basin in the North India had considerably high emissions of all reactive nitrogen components.
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